Proxies of past monsoon climatic variations through dendroclimate studies

Tree ring analysis of Cedrus deodara D.Don from Western Himalaya (India) have enabled climate reconstructions during the past few centuries

Reconstructed past rainfall variability using isotopic analysis

Speleothems from Kadappa caves, Andhra Pradesh dated during ~ 1200 BC - 300 AD (approx 1500 years) at near annual resolution
Estimated past atmospheric CO2 levels using tree-ring cellulose δ13C.